The coveted national palace had to be exceptionally large, impressive and technologically advanced to stand above the crowd. During the 1920s, the meaning of the word devalued as smaller, modest "palaces of labor" or "palaces of culture" were actually built. The word was never applied to residences of political leaders: their private affairs remained a closely guarded secret. In post-revolution Russian language the word palace ( Russian: дворец) denoted a multi-role public building that shared entertainment and administrative functions as time went by, the administrative side predominated. Both projects were large enough to seat any conceivable convention, and none of them could materialize in a country devastated by wars and revolutions. Before the congress, in January–May 1919, Petrograd had held an architectural competition for the "Palace of Labor" in October 1922 the Moscow Architectural Society launched a competition for a different "Palace of Labor", endorsed by the same Sergei Kirov. This, according to the official Soviet narrative, was the beginning of the story of the Palace of the Soviets. On the same day Sergei Kirov proposed construction of a new national convention center, which was duly approved by the congress. On 30 December 1922 the First All-Union Congress of Soviets announced the creation of the Soviet Union. The alternative Palace of the Soviets in Sparrow Hills, which was proposed after Stalin's death, did not proceed beyond the architectural competition stage. Iofan produced several revised, scaled-down designs but failed to reanimate the project. After World War II, Joseph Stalin lost interest in the palace. Engineers and workers were diverted to defense projects or pressed in the army the installed structural steel was disassembled in 1942 for fortifications and bridges. The German invasion in June 1941 ended the project. Work on the site commenced in 1933 the foundation was completed in January 1939. The staggered stack of ribbed cylinders crowned with a 100-metre (330 ft) statue of Vladimir Lenin blended Art Deco and Neoclassical influences with contemporary American skyscraper technology. The definitive design by Iofan, Vladimir Shchuko and Vladimir Helfreich was conceived in 1933–1934 and took its final shape in 1937. īoris Iofan's victory in a series of four architectural competitions held between 1931–1933 signaled a sharp turn in Soviet architecture, from radical modernism to the monumental historicism that would come to characterize Stalinist architecture. This was especially important to the Soviet state for propaganda purposes. If built, the 416-metre (1,365 ft) tall palace would have become the world's tallest structure, with an internal volume surpassing the combined volumes of the six tallest American skyscrapers. The main function of the palace was to house sessions of the Supreme Soviet in its 130-metre (430 ft) wide and 100-metre (330 ft) tall grand hall seating over 20,000 people. The Palace of the Soviets ( Russian: Дворец Советов, Dvorets Sovetov) was a project to construct a political convention center in Moscow on the site of the demolished Cathedral of Christ the Saviour. By 1937 this requirement was dropped.Īrt Deco, Neoclassicism, Stalinist architecture Early design specifications required that the Palace should serve as a gigantic triumphal arch for the masses of demonstrants marching through the arena of the grand hall. The definitive 1937 design on a postage stamp.
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